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Gel Shift Assay Analyses 

Written by Merel Dagher  Click “Read More” to see the answers.  The correct answer is e. Steroid response is controlled by three different variables – the ability of the steroid to bind to the receptor, the ability of the receptor to bind to the DNA, and the ability of the receptor to bind to...

DNA Synthesis and tRNAs

Written by Merel Dagher (PEACE Advisor)  Click “Read More” to see the answer.  The correct answer is a. DNA grows in the 5’ → 3’ direction because the hydroxide group on the 3’ carbon will attack the phosphate group on the 5’ carbon, thus resulting in a phosphodiester bond formation between the 5’ carbon...

Osmolarity Regulation 

Written by Merel Dagher (PEACE Advisor)  Press “Read More” to see the answer.  The correct answer is a. Osmolarity refers to salt levels in your blood, which is increased via the intake of salty foods or dehydration. In response to high levels of osmolarity, the hypothalamus produces ADH which is stored and released by...

Mitosis v. Meiosis (Part II) 

Written by Merel Dagher (PEACE Advisor)  Click “Read More” to see the answer.  The correct answer is a. Cohesins keep sister chromatids together, whereas the synaptonemal complex keeps the homologous chromosomes paired. Telomeres are the caps at the end of the DNA strands; dynein and kinesin both use microtubules to “walk” along and dissolve...

Immune System Cells and their Maturation 

Written by Merel Dagher (PEACE Advisor)  Press “Read More” to see the answers.    The correct answer is a. Both B cells and T cells are involved in the body’s immune, or lymphatic, system. B cells, however, are matured in the bone marrow and produce antibodies that recognize various antigens present in the body....

Cyclins 

Written by Merel Dagher (PEACE Advisor) Click “Read More” to see the answers.  The correct answer is b. Cyclin B is needed, with CDK, to propel the cells from G2 to M phase. Cyclin A is needed, with CDK, to propel the cells from G1 to S phase. Cyclin A and B are constantly...

Nephrons and Kidneys 

Written by Merel Dagher (PEACE Advisor)  Press “Read More” to see the answers.  The correct answer is b. The kidney is part of the body’s excretory, or urinary, system. Its functional unit, the nephron, works to regulate the concentration of water in the blood. The nephron is a long tube-like structure that has multiple...

Glucose and Lactose Square Off

Written by Merel Dagher (PEACE Advisor)  Click “Read More” to see the answers.  The correct answer is e. Bacteria prefer to consume glucose first. Bacteria cannot grow in lactose unless the enzyme B-galactosidase is transcribed in order to cleave the glycosidic bonds in lactose (lactose is a disaccharide consisting of the sugars galactose and...

Blood Pressure Regulation 

Written by Merel Dagher (PEACE Advisor)  Click “Read More” to see the answers.  The correct answer is c. The Juxtaglomerular Apparatus, which is conveniently located next to the Afferent Arteriole, stimulates the release of renin, which eventually causes an increase in blood pressure. It should be noted that Angiotensin-II can also bind to a...